George Collin Baker: American Submarine Pioneer

George Collin Baker was an American inventor who competed in the late 19th century to build submarines for the US Navy. He was a rival to John Philip Holland, who ultimately won the contract and built the first modern submarine commissioned by the United States Navy. Baker's prototype was tested, but he died before the final competition, leaving Holland as the victor.

American inventor and submarine pioneer

George Collin Baker
Born	December 21, 1844
Died	March 23, 1894
Nationality	American
Occupation	Inventor Submarine Pioneer

George Collin Baker (December 21, 1844 - March 23, 1894) was an American inventor and submarine pioneer.

In 1888, the US government announced a competition for submarine designs. Plans were submitted by Baker, John Philip Holland, Thorsten Nordenfelt and Josiah Tuck. Holland won the competition, but due to irregularities the contract was not awarded. Baker nevertheless built his submarine prototype and it was tested in the Rouge River. A new competition was announced in 1893, resulting in rivalry between Holland and Baker, the two inventors with usable vessels. Unfortunately, Baker developed appendicitis and died in March 1894. The contract ended up awarded to the Holland Torpedo Boat Company in 1895. The collaboration between Holland and the navy ultimately led to the USS Holland (SS-1), the first modern submarine commissioned in the United States Navy.